An Analysis of Advantages and Disadvantages of Joint-Stock Companies Essay

IntroductionFunctioning of joint-stock companies has difficult enough system and in the different countries this system differs in connection with the local legislation a little. Here functioning is described and some requirements are led to joint-stock companies.The joint-stock company is the organization created under the agreement by legal bodies and citizens by association of their contributions, having own legal body. Shareholders of joint-stock company participate with the contributions in the authorized capital stock divided into actions. Shareholders do not bear responsibility for joint-stock company obligations. Shareholders risk only the contribution.The joint-stock company capital is formed at the expense of sale of actions. Formation of an authorized capital stock of joint-stock company occurs by merge of the general face-value of all actions. An authorized capital stock it is necessary to show in balance as the subscription capital of joint-stock company. The authorized capital stock cannot be less than the sum regulated by the law. Joint-stock company means can develop not only of means of the actions obtained from sale (own capital) and the saved up profit, but also at the expense of credits of bank and the repayment of bonds. Accumulation concern own capital. If accumulation is created from the sum of non-paid incomes they are called profitable accumulation.The society is the proprietor of property, production made by a society, the incomes received from commercial activity and other property, got by it on other bases. Buildings, constructions, the equipment and other material assets, securities, rights of use of the earth, natural resources, and know-how can be the contribution of the participant of joint-stock company. Cost of brought property is defined by the joint decision of participants of a society. Formation and authorized capital stock increase is made by release and sale of actions, an exchange of bonds for actions, increases in a face-value of the action.The action is a security which confirms the right of the shareholder to participate in management of a society, in its profits...

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